Thumb Arthritis

Thumb arthritis symptoms typically develop gradually and worsen over time. Many patients first notice discomfort during activities that require pinching or gripping.

• Pain at the base of the thumb that worsens with use
• Swelling and tenderness around the thumb joint
• Decreased grip strength and pinch strength
• Difficulty with daily activities like opening jars, turning keys, or writing
• Stiffness in the thumb, especially in the morning
• Grinding sensation (crepitus) when moving the thumb
• Visible joint enlargement or bone spurs at the base of the thumb

Thumb arthritis is primarily caused by wear and tear of the cartilage over time, but several factors can increase your risk of developing this condition.

Primary causes include:

• Age-related cartilage deterioration
• Repetitive thumb motions over many years
• Previous thumb injuries or fractures
• Genetic predisposition to arthritis

Risk factors include: being over age 40, female gender (women are 10 times more likely to develop thumb arthritis), occupations requiring repetitive hand use, and certain medical conditions like rheumatoid arthritis. Activities that put stress on the thumb joint, such as texting, crafting, or manual labor, may also contribute to its development.

At Synergy Health Partners, our specialists use a comprehensive approach to diagnose thumb arthritis accurately. The process typically begins with a detailed discussion of your symptoms and medical history.

During your physical examination, your doctor will assess thumb mobility, strength, and pain levels while performing specific movements. They may apply pressure to the joint to evaluate tenderness and check for grinding sensations.

Imaging studies often include X-rays to visualize joint space narrowing, bone spurs, and cartilage loss. In some cases, we may recommend MRI or CT scans for more detailed imaging. Our experienced radiologists work closely with our hand specialists to ensure accurate diagnosis and optimal treatment planning.

Early intervention can help slow the progression of thumb arthritis and preserve joint function. You should schedule an appointment with one of our specialists if you experience any of the following:

• Persistent thumb pain that lasts more than a few weeks
• Difficulty performing daily activities due to thumb pain or weakness
• Visible swelling or deformity at the base of your thumb
• Decreased grip strength that interferes with work or hobbies
• Morning stiffness in your thumb that doesn’t improve with movement

Don’t wait until your symptoms become severe. Early treatment options are often more effective and can help you avoid more invasive procedures later.