Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome

Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome typically develops gradually and may worsen over time without proper treatment. The most common symptoms our patients experience include:

• Dull, aching pain around or behind the kneecap
• Pain that worsens when climbing stairs, squatting, or kneeling
• Discomfort after sitting for long periods with bent knees (“theater sign”)
• Pain during or after running or other high-impact activities
• Grinding or clicking sensations when moving the knee
• Knee stiffness or swelling around the kneecap
• Pain that increases when walking downhill or down stairs

The pain may occur in one or both knees and can range from mild discomfort to severe pain that interferes with daily activities.

Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome develops when the kneecap doesn’t track properly in its groove, leading to increased pressure and irritation. Several factors can contribute to this condition:

Biomechanical factors include muscle imbalances (particularly weak quadriceps or tight hamstrings), abnormal foot mechanics, and hip weakness that affects knee alignment. Activity-related causes often involve sudden increases in training intensity, repetitive high-impact activities, or sports that require frequent jumping and pivoting.

Anatomical factors such as a shallow groove where the kneecap sits, abnormal kneecap shape, or leg length differences can predispose individuals to PFPS. Higher risk groups include runners, cyclists, soccer players, basketball players, young athletes (especially females), and individuals with previous knee injuries or those who are overweight.

At Synergy Health Partners, our orthopedic specialists use a comprehensive approach to diagnose Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome. Your evaluation begins with a detailed discussion of your symptoms, activity level, and medical history, followed by a thorough physical examination.

During the physical exam, your doctor will assess your knee alignment, muscle strength, flexibility, and perform specific tests to reproduce your symptoms and rule out other conditions. Imaging studies may include X-rays to evaluate bone structure and kneecap alignment, or MRI scans if other conditions need to be ruled out.

Our team also conducts a biomechanical assessment to identify any movement patterns or muscle imbalances that may be contributing to your pain. This comprehensive evaluation allows us to develop a targeted treatment plan that addresses your specific needs and underlying causes.

While some mild knee discomfort may improve with rest and self-care, you should schedule an appointment with our orthopedic team if you experience:

Persistent pain that doesn’t improve after a few days of rest, ice, and over-the-counter pain medication. Pain that interferes with your daily activities, work, or sleep. Knee swelling that doesn’t respond to rest and ice, or any knee instability or giving way.

Seek immediate medical attention if you experience severe pain, inability to bear weight on your leg, significant swelling, or if your knee becomes locked and cannot move. Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent your condition from worsening and help you return to your normal activities more quickly.